Annotated Whole-Slide Images of Core Needle Prostate Biopsies

We present an expert-annotated dataset of image-guided prostate core needle biopsies (CNBs) designed to support automated analysis in the context ofprostate cancer diagnosis. The dataset comprises 37 whole slide images (WSIs), corresponding to 60 hematoxylin and eosin (H\&E)-stained CNBsobtained from 32 patients. A total of 15,480 manual expert annotations are included, covering a wide range of tissue types and histopathological structures commonly encounteredin routine diagnostic practice. These include benign glands, prostate cancer tissue, adipose tissue, nerves, nerve ganglia, blood vessels, muscle, andinflammatory cells. Additional annotations capture relevant morphological features such as stromal retraction, normal and atypical glandularsecretions, as well as tissue and digitization artifacts. Unannotated tissue regions were automatically labeled as stroma via post-processing. All annotations were performed by two experienced uropathologists, with final labels established through consensus review. Immunohistochemicalstaining was used as a supporting reference when required to improve diagnostic accuracy. The dataset is drawn from a single institution and includes only diagnostically concordant cases from cancer-positive patients; it isintended as ahigh-quality annotated reference for training and evaluating segmentation and tissue-classification models at the core/region level. It is releasedopenly to promote reproducibility and further research in computational pathology.