H5ad_files

The cellular components and defense mechanisms of innate immunity have diversified alongside the evolution from invertebrates to vertebrates to adapt to a rapidly changing environment. It remains unclear how immune functions and corresponding molecules are conserved or have diverged during evolution. Here, we generated invertebrate hemolymph and vertebrate blood single cell transcriptome landscapes across six species at different taxonomic nodes and combined them with public data to construct a comprehensive cross-species cellular hierarchy. We defined distinctive phagocytic-like cells (PLCs) within various invertebrates that share homologous transcriptional programs with vertebrate myeloid cells. Through cross-species comparisons, we identified a variety of functional molecules and transcription factors shared by phagocytic cells in invertebrates and myeloid cells in vertebrates, which are the core regulatory programs for the inheritance of phagocytic capabilities. Remarkably, we combined the latest Stereo-Cell technology to define specific hemocyte subtypes in invertebrates as potential ancestors of thrombocytes through the expression of coagulation-related factors in clots. Our study elucidates the ancient and conserved aspects of phagocytosis in immune system evolution and provides the first specific definition for the origin of thrombocytes.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含9个H5AD格式的单细胞转录组文件，覆盖从无脊椎动物到脊椎动物的多个物种，研究重点是免疫系统进化中吞噬细胞功能和分子保守性。数据集采用了先进的Stereo-Cell技术，并构建了跨物种细胞层次结构，为免疫系统进化研究提供了重要资源。