Caffeine Decreases Muscle and Tendon Protein Synthesis and Engineered Ligament Strength In Vitro and Attenuates Adaptation to Exercise In Mice

Danielle Steffen1,2*, Kevin J.M Paulussen3, Ryman Crone1, Benjamin Tucker1, Suraj Pathak1, Keith Baar1,3,41Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior; University of California, Davis, USA2Institue of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark3Physiology and Membrane Biology; University of California, Davis, USA4VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA.