FIGS2

Divergence time estimations for subtribe Panicinae. Maximum clade credibility (MCC) tree of Panicoideae obtained from BEAST analyses with ndhF sequences using the uncorrelated lognormal relaxed clock model and secondary calibrations based on external angiosperm fossils together with the phytolith microfossils of Poaceae (calibration scheme 2, see materials and methods). Only subtribe Paniceae is shown in detail; for the remaining clades see Fig. S1. Posterior probabilities ≥ 0.9 are shown on the branches and horizontal bars on the nodes indicate the 95% HPD of ages. Vertical bars indicate sections within Panicum. Paniceae 1 refers to tribe Paniceae excluding subtribes Cenchrinae, Melinidinae, and Panicineae. Mya, million years ago; Pli, Pliocene; Plei, Pleistocene. Results from divergence time estimation based only on external angiosperm fossils calibration are shown in Fig. 2.