An enigmatic herbaceous plant species to understand genetic signatures of long-term evolutionary history in a high-polyploid clonal plant in Central Europe

Genetic diversity is associated with sexual reproduction and is a driver of plant adaptation and diversification. However, there are also successful but almost exclusively vegetatively reproducing species. Among them is the Eurasian herbaceous woodland species Cardamine bulbifera. Since the Last Glacial Maximum the species expanded as an understory woodland plant in Europe. The dodecaploid species has a Caucasian origin and stems from diploid sister species C. bipinnata and C. abchasica. We identified a genetically very diverse metapopulation in northeastern Austria (Thaya Valley) showing signatures of genetic variation from the ancestors and sister species. We explored the hypotheses that genetic diversity observed is a remnant of the reticulate past rather than contemporary geneflow.

This dataset comprises all relevant Supplementary Material. Except Table S1, Table S2 and File 1 all files are presented with one single PDF.
Table S1: Accession data and details for samples used for ddRAD.
Table S2: Accession details for samples studied for plastome type variation using PCR AFLP.
Table S3: Significance levels associations of genetic clusters and moisture.
Figure S1: Woodland mapping at Thaya Valley.
Figure S2: Mean SNP coverage after filtering of ddRAD data.
Figure S3: Coverage distribution per sample.
Figure S4: CV error for ADMIXTURE analysis of all samples.
Figure S5: Allele frequency in dodecaploid SNP calling.
Figure S6: CV error for ADMIXTURE analysis of Cardamine bulbifera from Thaya Valley.
Figure S7: SplitsTree network based on dodecaploid variant calling.
Figure S8: Associations of genetic clusters and moisture.
File 1: Plastome type variation (PCR AFLPs) alignment