Non Task-Specific Training

Project OverviewIn this four-year project called Developing Preservice Elementary Teachers' Ability to Facilitate Goal-Oriented Discussions in Science and Mathematics via the Use of Simulated Classroom Interactions (GO Discuss), Educational Testing Service and Mursion developed, piloted, and validated a set of performance-based tasks delivered within a simulated classroom environment in order to improve preservice elementary teachers’ ability to orchestrate discussions. These tasks provided opportunities for preservice teachers in science and mathematics to facilitate discussions with five upper elementary student avatars (fifth grade) where the focus is on disciplinary argumentation within two content domains: fractions (mathematics) and structure/properties of matter (science). The overall goal of this research was to develop a validity basis for the use of such tools as formative assessment tasks that can be integrated within educator preparation programs to increase the amount, variety, and quality of clinical practice opportunities currently available to preservice elementary teachers. This specific data project includes materials for non-task specific simulation specialist training. A simulation specialist serves as the “human-in-the-loop” during each simulated discussion. The simulation specialist is trained to provide student responses and control the movements of the student avatars in the simulated classroom. The non-task specific training teaches simulation specialists about the five student avatars and their unique vocal and background profiles. We also provided training on specific guidelines, called simulation discussion guidelines, that include information on standard protocols we wanted all simulation specialists to follow during the discussions for how to respond to the teacher’s prompting (or lack of prompting) to engage the students in direct peer-to-peer interactions. The non-task specific training also included instruction on how to set up and use the various technology components, including how to video record the pre-service teachers’ discussion performances and how to use the shared workspace. The task-specific simulation specialist training for each task can be found in that task's respective data project. For a complete description of the broader “Go Discuss” project, including a list of files for each task, as well as to read the detailed Terms of Use, please start by reading the Data Overview file. Some files appear in different formats with identical content. This is intentional. ETS wants to encourage adaptation of the deposited materials (which might be easier to implement in Word documents), but also wants to ensure that images and math notations are rendered correctly for secondary users (best preserved in PDF).项目概述。本项目为期四年，全称为「通过模拟课堂互动培养小学职前教师组织导向性讨论的能力（GO Discuss）」。教育考试服务中心（Educational Testing Service, ETS）与Mursion合作开发、试点并验证了一套基于表现的任务，该任务部署于模拟课堂环境中，旨在提升小学职前教师统筹课堂讨论的能力。 这些任务为科学与数学领域的职前教师提供了与五名小学高年级（五年级）学生虚拟化身开展讨论的实践机会，讨论核心为两大领域的学科论证：数学领域的分数，以及科学领域的物质结构与性质。 本研究的总体目标是为这类工具作为形成性评估任务的应用构建效度依据，此类任务可整合至教师培养项目中，以扩充当前小学职前教师可获得的临床实践机会的数量、种类与质量。 本特定数据项目包含非任务专属的模拟专员培训材料。模拟专员在每场模拟讨论中充当「人类在环（human-in-the-loop）」参与者，负责提供学生回应，并操控模拟课堂中学生虚拟化身的动作。 非任务专属培训会向模拟专员介绍五名学生虚拟化身及其独特的语音与背景形象。同时还会针对一套名为「模拟讨论指南」的具体规范开展培训，其中包含所有模拟专员在讨论期间需遵循的标准流程，用于说明如何针对教师的提示（或未做出提示）做出回应，以引导学生开展直接的同伴互动。 非任务专属培训还涵盖了各类技术组件的设置与使用操作指导，包括如何录制职前教师的讨论表现视频，以及如何使用共享工作区。 各任务专属的模拟专员培训内容可在对应任务的数据项目中获取。如需完整了解「GO Discuss」大型项目的细节（包括各任务对应的文件清单），以及查阅详细的使用条款，请先阅读数据概览文件。 部分文件以不同格式呈现但内容完全一致，此设计为有意为之。ETS希望鼓励用户对存档材料进行适配（Word文档形式的材料更易于落地实施），同时也确保面向二次用户的图像与数学公式能够正确渲染（PDF格式可最佳保留此类内容）。