广东湛江湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物主微量元素数据集（400a以来）

本文以广东湛江湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物为研究对象，通过主成分分析，得到湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物的主成分元素组，探究了不同元素组分与气候环境的关系。结果表明，三个具有不同指示意义的主成分元素组：主成分F1由Al、Fe、Rb、Sr和稀土元素组成，是湖区降水量和化学风化强度的良好指标；主成分F2由Zn、Co、Cu、Mo等组成，其因子得分变化趋势与F1呈显著的负相关性，这组元素属于湖泊内生沉积因子，与湖水的氧化还原性质密切相关，指示暖干的气候条件；主成分F3包括Ti、Ni、Cr、Zr，这类元素性质稳定，主要存在于矿物碎屑中，受地表径流的影响，也与源区岩石的物理风化、水土流失程度密切相关，可以指示植被覆盖情况。基于最新的沉积物定年结果，结合过去的气候环境变化变化资料，通过对三个主成分变化特点的分析，湖光岩地区近400年来的气候可以大致分为1614-1796年冷湿期、1796-1868年冷干期、1868-1927年冷湿期、1927-1967年冷干期、1967至今总体向暖湿变化，人类农业活动增强会使沉积物中性质稳定元素的含量显著增加。

This paper focuses on the sediments of Huguangyan Maar Lake in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China. Using principal component analysis (PCA), we identified the principal component elemental groups of the lake sediments and investigated the correlations between different elemental assemblages and climatic and environmental conditions. The results reveal three principal component elemental groups with distinct indicative implications: Principal Component F1, composed of Al, Fe, Rb, Sr and rare earth elements, acts as a robust proxy for regional precipitation amount and chemical weathering intensity; Principal Component F2 consists of Zn, Co, Cu, Mo and other elements, and its factor score trend shows a significant negative correlation with that of F1. This elemental group belongs to the lacustrine endogenic sedimentary factor, which is closely linked to the redox properties of lake water and indicates warm and dry climatic conditions; Principal Component F3 includes Ti, Ni, Cr and Zr. These elements are chemically stable, predominantly occurring in mineral clasts, and are influenced by surface runoff. They are also closely related to the physical weathering of source rocks and the degree of soil erosion, thus serving as a proxy for vegetation coverage. Based on the latest sediment dating results and combined with previous climatic and environmental change records, by analyzing the variation characteristics of the three principal components, the climate of the Huguangyan region over the past 400 years can be roughly divided into five stages: the cold-wet period from 1614 to 1796, the cold-dry period from 1796 to 1868, the cold-wet period from 1868 to 1927, the cold-dry period from 1927 to 1967, and the period from 1967 to the present with an overall trend towards warm and humid conditions. Enhanced human agricultural activities will significantly increase the content of chemically stable elements in the sediments.