Avifauna of airports and solid waste landfills in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia

<p>The dataset present bird counts made for an airport bird control, at the airports of the cities of Khanty-Mansiysk, Nyagan, Beloyarsky and in the immediate vicinity, including the cities of Surgut and Urai of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra.</p>
<p>Prevention of aircraft collisions with birds is a specific problem that appeared with the birth of aviation itself, and occupies an intermediate position between aviation and ornithology. Each airport is unique in terms of a set of environmental and industrial conditions that determine the degree of danger posed by birds to aircraft flights. Bird control in aviation has been established as a separate type of flight safety - ornithological flight safety.</p>
<p>Modern ornithology provides a set of measures, including measures for operational and passive protection of aircraft, airfield and airport facilities from birds. Bird control also includes measures for the ecological transformation of the aerodrome and near-aerodrome areas in order to reduce their attractiveness for birds, measures to assess the bird hazard of the airport area. Environmental transformation measures are to eliminate or reduce the environmental factors themselves that attract birds. These include the availability of accessible food and water, convenient nesting sites, places for safe day and night rest, and shelters.</p>
<p>Implementation of environmental transformation measures is the optimal solution to the problem of reducing the likelihood of collisions due to the appearance of birds on the territory of the airport, in the air sector of the airport and aircraft approaches. The ecological aspect of the bird hazard potential can be assessed within the framework of an ecological and ornithological surveys of the airport area.</p>
<p>A full-scale ecological and ornithological survey provides information on the spatial and temporal distribution of birds in the study area. The survey identifies factors contributing to the attraction and concentration of birds, and determines the possibility of influencing the ornithological situation in order to reduce the risk of collisions with aircraft. The resulting data serves as the information basis for planning all bird control activities at the airport.</p>

<p>本数据集收录了在哈特曼斯克、尼亚甘、别洛亚尔斯基等城市机场及其周边区域，包括哈特曼斯克-尤格拉自治区的苏尔古特和乌拉伊市进行的机场鸟类控制计数。</p><p>飞机与鸟类相撞的预防问题是随着航空业的诞生而出现的特定问题，它位于航空学与鸟类学之间，占据着中介地位。每个机场在环境与工业条件方面都具有独特性，这些条件决定了鸟类对飞行安全的威胁程度。航空领域的鸟类控制已被确立为一种独立的飞行安全类型——鸟类学飞行安全。</p><p>现代鸟类学提供了一系列措施，包括对飞机、机场设施及机场场地实施操作性和被动保护的措施。鸟类控制还包括对机场及其周边区域的生态改造措施，以降低其对鸟类的吸引力，以及对机场区域鸟类危害的评估措施。环境改造措施旨在消除或减少吸引鸟类的环境因素，包括可获取的食物和水、便捷的巢居地、日夜休息的安全场所和庇护所。</p><p>实施环境改造措施是降低机场领土、机场空中区域和飞机进近区域鸟类出现导致碰撞概率的优化解决方案。鸟类危害的生态方面可以通过对机场区域的生态和鸟类学调查进行评估。</p><p>全面生态和鸟类学调查提供了研究区域内鸟类空间和时间分布的信息。调查确定了吸引和集中鸟类的原因，并确定了影响鸟类学状况以降低与飞机碰撞风险的可行性。所得数据作为规划机场所有鸟类控制活动的信息基础。</p>