Replication Data for: Dispersal and gene flow among potential spawners: source-sink structure among populations of anadromous brown trout exposed to multi-faceted anthropogenic impacts.

Dispersal has consequences for individual fitness but can also influence local dynamics, stability, and adaptation in interconnected populations. Anadromous salmonid fishes are famed for their precise homing and adaptations to local aquatic environments, whilst navigating between multiple connected habitats. However, recent studies have instead demonstrated considerable straying among connected systems, forming metapopulation dynamics among sub-populations or demes. Salmonids constitute valuable economic and ecological resources, yet many populations are declining due to multifaceted anthropogenic-induced disturbances. This context of reduced populations inhabiting altered environments may impact both population viability and dispersal. To explore if metapopulation processes are present among impacted neighbouring populations of anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta), a four-year study of individual dispersal behaviour (biotelemetry, N = 84) and genetic analysis (N = 142) was conducted in four populations, connected by an extensive (> 200 km), semi-enclosed fjord system, Sognefjorden, Norway. To estimate the demographic status of each study population life-table matrices were built, from which a potential source-sink structure among demes could be identified.扩散（dispersal）不仅对个体适合度具有重要影响，同时还会作用于连通种群的局域动态、稳定性与适应性。溯河洄游鲑科鱼类（Anadromous salmonid fishes）以精准的归巢能力及对局域水生环境的适应性著称，同时会在多个连通栖息生境间往返洄游。然而近期研究证实，连通系统间存在大量偏离归巢路径的个体，进而在亚种群或同类群（deme）之间形成了集合种群（metapopulation）动态。鲑科鱼类兼具重要的经济与生态价值，但受多重人为扰动影响，诸多种群正处于衰退之中。当前种群规模缩减且栖息环境发生改变的背景，可能同时影响种群存续能力与扩散行为。为探究受干扰的相邻溯河洄游褐鳟（*Salmo trutta*）种群间是否存在集合种群过程，研究团队于挪威松恩峡湾（Sognefjorden）这一绵延超200公里的半封闭大型峡湾系统中，针对4个连通种群开展了为期4年的研究：通过生物遥测技术（biotelemetry，样本量N=84）记录个体扩散行为，并开展遗传分析（样本量N=142）。为评估各研究种群的种群统计状态，研究人员构建了生命表矩阵，借此可识别同类群间潜在的源-汇结构。