The effects of background risk on behavioural lateralization in a coral reef fish

Behavioural lateralization – the preferential use of one side of the body or either of the bilateral organs or limbs – has been well documented in many species, in a number of contexts. While the benefits reported are numerous, existing latent variability in the degree of lateralization within and across populations, species and taxa indicates that existing costs may modulate its expression. Few studies have reported changes in the degree of lateralization at the individual level, in response to long-term changes in environmental conditions, but not in response to short-term changes in environmental conditions. Predation is highly variable both temporally and spatially and hence is a good candidate for testing lateralization effects based on short-term changes in environmental conditions. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the degree of behavioural lateralization changes following short-term exposure to different levels of risk. We tested whether wild-caught juvenile damselfish expos...行为侧化（Behavioural lateralization）指偏好使用身体单侧，或双侧器官、肢体中的一侧，这一现象已在众多物种的多种场景中得到充分记录。尽管已有大量研究报道了其潜在益处，但种群内部、跨种群以及跨物种、类群间的侧化程度存在隐性变异，这表明现存的适应性代价可能会调控行为侧化的表达。目前鲜有研究报道个体层面的行为侧化程度会响应环境条件的长期变化而发生改变，且尚未有研究发现其会响应环境短期变化产生变化。捕食压力在时间和空间上均存在高度变异，因此是基于环境短期变化检验行为侧化效应的理想研究对象。本研究旨在验证这一假说：行为侧化程度会在短期暴露于不同强度的风险后发生改变。我们以野生捕获的幼体雀鲷为对象，检验了……