Remote sensing monitoring data set of main crop planting distribution in Sanjiang Plain from 2020 to 2022

The Sanjiang Plain, with its vast fertile black land, is an important commodity grain base in China. The per capita cultivated land area and per capita grain output are five times the national average. Accurate crop acreage information is of great significance for understanding regional food security and agricultural development planning in Sanjiang Plain. In this paper, the Sentinel-2 satellite remote sensing data of time series and the survey data of typical ground features in Sanjiang Plain were used to screen the feature bands of major crops and surrounding typical ground features, and the remote sensing monitoring data set of planting distribution of major crops (rice, corn and soybean) in Sanjiang Plain from 2020 to 2022 was extracted by using the random forest classification algorithm. Field investigation data verified that the overall accuracy of the three crops extraction in 2020, 2021 and 2022 were 95.18%, 95.0% and 94.5%, respectively, and the Kappa coefficients were 0.924, 0.925 and 0.919. This data set can not only be used as the basic data for the analysis of temporal and spatial changes of crop planting pattern in the Sanjiang Plain, but also provide information support for agricultural production management decision-making in the Sanjiang Plain, and serve the regional agricultural informatization construction and the protection and utilization of black land.