Table1_An investigation into biochar, acid-modified biochar, and wood vinegar on the remediation of saline−alkali soil and the growth of strawberries.DOC

The salinization of several hundred million hectares of land poses a serious threat to global food security and biodiversity. Biochar and wood vinegar amendment has been suggested as a possible way to promote plant productivity and improve soil qualities, whereas less emphasis has been placed on the application of biochar in saline−alkaline soils to increase plant productivity. Herein, the single and composite application of sawdust biochar, wood vinegar, and acid-modified biochar on the restoration of coastal saline−alkali soil and plant growth of strawberry seedlings was investigated. Proximate and ultimate analyses and different characterization techniques such as FTIR and scanning electron microscopy were applied to study the physicochemical characteristics of raw and modified biochar. A pot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of different soil additives on soil properties and strawberry growth. Our results revealed that acid-modified biochar shows the most significant promoting effect on strawberry growth, which could increase the weight gain rate, root length, root specific surface area, and root volume of strawberry seedlings by 41.2%, 18.9%, 23.0%, and 34.7%, respectively. Moreover, the application of acid-modified biochar can effectively alleviate soil salinization by reducing soil pH (7.65) and CEC (19.5 cmol/kg). Furthermore, the addition of biochar can significantly improve the community structure of microorganisms (Proteobacteria) and increase the content of bacteria related to soil nutrient cycling (Pseudomonadaceae and Sphingomonadaceae). Preliminary findings from this study suggested that acid-modified biochar is a potentially effective means of preventing soil salinization and increasing economic crop yields.

数亿公顷土地的盐碱化问题对全球粮食安全和生物多样性构成严重威胁。生物炭和木醋液改良已被提出作为提高植物生产力和改善土壤品质的可能途径，而在增加植物生产力的应用方面，对生物炭在盐碱土壤中的使用则较少受到重视。本研究旨在探讨锯末生物炭、木醋液及酸改性生物炭对沿海盐碱土壤的恢复和草莓幼苗生长的影响。通过应用近似的和最终的化学分析以及如傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜等不同的表征技术，对原始和改性生物炭的物理化学特性进行了研究。通过盆栽实验，本实验旨在探究不同土壤添加剂对土壤性质和草莓生长的影响。我们的研究结果揭示了酸改性生物炭对草莓生长具有最显著的促进作用，可以分别提高草莓幼苗的重量增长率、根长、根比表面积和根体积41.2%、18.9%、23.0%和34.7%。此外，酸改性生物炭的应用能有效缓解土壤盐碱化，降低土壤pH值（7.65）和阳离子交换量（19.5 cmol/kg）。进一步地，生物炭的添加可显著改善微生物群落结构（变形菌门）并增加与土壤养分循环相关的细菌含量（假单胞菌科和鞘氨醇单胞菌科）。本研究初步发现，酸改性生物炭是防止土壤盐碱化和提高经济作物产量的潜在有效手段。