DataSheet_1_Longitudinal assessment of urinary ALCAM, HPX, and PRDX6 in Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: implications for disease activity monitoring and treatment response.pdf

IntroductionThis study aimed to demonstrate the potential of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), hemopexin (HPX), and peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) as urine biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsUrine samples were collected from 138 Korean patients with SLE from the Ajou Lupus Cohort and 39 healthy controls (HC). The concentrations of urine biomarkers were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits specific for ALCAM, HPX, and PRDX6, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic utility, and Pearson’s correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationships between the disease activity and urine biomarkers.ResultsPatients with SLE and patients with lupus nephritis (LN) showed significantly elevated ALCAM, HPX, and PRDX6 levels compared with HCs. ALCAM, HPX, and PRDX6 showed significant diagnostic values, especially for lupus nephritis (LN), with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for LN was 0.850 for ALCAM (95% CI, 0.778–0.921), 0.781 for HPX (95% CI, 0.695–0.867), and 0.714 for PRDX6 (95% CI, 0.617–0.812). Correlation analysis revealed that all proteins were significantly associated with anti-double stranded DNA antibody (ALCAM, r = 0.350, p < 0.001; HPX, r = 0.346, p < 0.001; PRDX6, r = 0.191, p = 0.026) and SLEDAI (ALCAM, r = 0.526, p < 0.001; HPX, r = 0.479, p < 0.001; PRDX6, r = 0.262, p = 0.002). Results from the follow-up of the three biomarker levels in these patients revealed a significant decrease, showing a positive correlation with changes in SLEDAI-2k scores (ALCAM, r = 0.502, p < 0.001; HPX, r = 0.475, p < 0.001; PRDX6, r = 0.245, p = 0.026), indicating their potential as indicators for tracking disease activity.DiscussionsUrinary ALCAM, HPX, and PRDX6 levels have diagnostic value and reflect disease activity in Korean patients with SLE, emphasizing their potential for non-invasive monitoring and treatment response evaluation.

本研究旨在展示活化白细胞粘附分子（ALCAM）、血色素结合蛋白（HPX）和过氧化物酶6（PRDX6）作为系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）尿液生物标志物的潜力。研究方法：收集了138名来自安照红斑狼疮队列的韩国SLE患者和39名健康对照者的尿液样本。分别使用针对ALCAM、HPX和PRDX6的酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒分析了尿液生物标志物的浓度。通过受试者工作特征曲线分析评估了诊断价值，并进行了皮尔逊相关分析以评估疾病活动与尿液生物标志物之间的关系。研究结果：与健康对照组相比，SLE患者和狼疮性肾炎（LN）患者的ALCAM、HPX和PRDX6水平显著升高。ALCAM、HPX和PRDX6显示出显著的诊断价值，尤其是在狼疮性肾炎（LN）方面，LN受试者工作特征曲线下面积为ALCAM的0.850（95% CI，0.778–0.921）、HPX的0.781（95% CI，0.695–0.867）和PRDX6的0.714（95% CI，0.617–0.812）。相关性分析显示，所有蛋白质与抗双链DNA抗体（ALCAM，r = 0.350，p < 0.001；HPX，r = 0.346，p < 0.001；PRDX6，r = 0.191，p = 0.026）和SLEDAI（ALCAM，r = 0.526，p < 0.001；HPX，r = 0.479，p < 0.001；PRDX6，r = 0.262，p = 0.002）均有显著相关性。对这些患者的三个生物标志物水平进行随访的结果显示，水平显著下降，与SLEDAI-2k评分的变化呈正相关（ALCAM，r = 0.502，p < 0.001；HPX，r = 0.475，p < 0.001；PRDX6，r = 0.245，p = 0.026），表明它们作为监测疾病活动的潜在指标。讨论：尿液中的ALCAM、HPX和PRDX6水平具有诊断价值，并反映了韩国SLE患者的疾病活动，强调了其在无创监测和治疗反应评估中的潜力。