Replication data and code: "The Financial Anatomy of a Development Trap" — middle-income economies panel, 2000–2022

Replication materials for the article "The Financial Anatomy of a Development Trap: External-Liability Servicing, Commodity Dependence, and Stalled Structural Transformation in Middle-Income Economies (2000–2022)". The package contains the assembled annual panel of 37 middle-income economies (2000–2022) and the full Python code that reproduces every table and figure. Data are drawn entirely from public sources: the World Bank World Development Indicators, the External Wealth of Nations database (Lane & Milesi-Ferretti, January 2025 update, marked-to-market external liabilities), and US interest rates used to construct the shift-share instrument. Contents: README_REPLICATION.md (sources, dependencies, run order, and a script-to-table/figure map); /code (data collection via the World Bank API, panel construction, the structural typology, and the econometric routines — two-way fixed effects, system GMM, Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel Granger tests, and Bartik instrumental-variable estimates); /data (the assembled panels and the EWN source workbook); /figures. System GMM requires numpy<2 (pydynpd); all other scripts run on standard Python 3.11 (pandas, numpy, statsmodels, linearmodels, scikit-learn, scipy). No proprietary data are used.