Replication data for: Allocating Scarce Organs: How a Change in Supply Affects Transplant Waiting Lists and Transplant Recipients

Vast organ shortages motivated recent efforts to increase the supply of transplantable organs, but we know little about the demand side of the market. We test the implications of a model of organ demand using the universe of US transplant data from 1987 to 2013. Exploiting variation in supply induced by state-level motorcycle helmet laws, we demonstrate that each organ that becomes available from a deceased donor in a particular region induces five transplant candidates to join that region's transplant wait list, while crowding out living-donor transplants. Even with the corresponding demand increase, positive supply shocks increase post-transplant survival rates.器官供需缺口巨大，促使学界近年致力于提升可移植器官的供给总量，但当前学界对该市场的需求端仍知之甚少。本研究利用1987年至2013年美国全部器官移植数据集，对器官需求模型的理论推论进行实证检验。本研究借助州级摩托车头盔法规引发的器官供给波动作为外生自然实验，研究发现：某一特定区域内每新增一例已故供体器官，会促使5名器官移植候选者加入该区域的移植等待名单，同时挤出活体供体移植手术。即便伴随相应的需求增长，正向供给冲击仍可提升器官移植术后的生存率。