Late Prosthetic Hip Joint Infection with Actinomyces israelii in an Intravenous Drug User: Case Report and Literature Review

Late infections with Actinomyces israelii have been described for prosthetic hip joints but not in association with intravenous drug use. We present a case of a 43-year-old intravenous drug user who developed A. israelii infection in connection with a hip prosthesis 11 years after implantation, and we review four previously reported cases of Actinomyces prosthetic joint infections.