Exchange of Viral Promoter/Enhancer Elements with Heterologous Regulatory Sequences Generates Targeted Hybrid Long Terminal Repeat Vectors for Gene Therapy of Melanoma

To generate transcriptionally targeted vectors, tissue-specific elements of the human tyrosinase promoter were exchanged with corresponding viral elements in the Moloney murine leukemia virus long terminal repeat (LTR). From these experiments, a vesicular stomatitis virus type G pseudotyped, hybrid LTR vector that contained three tyrosinase enhancer elements and gave high-level, tightly tissue-specific expression at high titers (3 × 10(7) CFU/ml) was constructed.