Dendritic cell maturation induced by norovirus VLPs, P particles and P dimers at 48 hours post stimulation.

Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were stimulated with 10 µg/ml of norovirus VLPs, P particles, or P dimers for 48 hours. BMDCs without stimulation were used as control (Naïve). Cells were harvested and stained with fluorochrome-conjugated CD11c together with CD40, CD80, CD86 and MHC-II for flowcytometric analysis. Mean Fluorescence index (MFI) of each group was analyzed and shown in a format of average ± SD. ** P<0.01 and ** P<0.001 were calculated vs. non-pulse controls, while § P<0.05 and §§ P<0.01 were calculated vs. VLP, and ## P<0.001 vs. P particle, respectively. Experiments were repeated three times.