Parameters of free-living phase of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae): adapted to the subtropical climate

Rhipicephalus sanguineus is considered the most widespread ixodid species in the world. It was introduced in the urban area by the domestic dog, which is its primary host. The present study had as its aim to know the biological performance of the free-living phase of R. sanguineus, adapted to the Southern of Rio Grande do Sul, through estimation of biological parameters under controlled temperature conditions (27 ± 1°C) and relative humidity (> 70.0%). Engorged females ticks were collected from the environment and attached to the body of dogs and each group consisted of 200 ticks. The obtained results demonstrated that the mean mass of each engorged female was 170 mg, the pre-oviposition period was four days, the total eggs mass weight was of 100 mg, the mass of female tick after laying was 30 mg, larval longevity has 31 days, and reproductive and nutrition efficacy index corresponded to 61 and 74% respectively. Regarding posture dynamic, 98.5% of eggs were positioned in the first week of incubation and the larval hatching rate was 94.5%. The biological parameter analysis of R. sanguineus showed that there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) between females collected directly from the host body and those from the environment. Biological data seen in R. sanguineusadapted to climate conditions of South Rio Grande do Sul are similar to other Brazilian areas. Furthermore, R. sanguineus collects for epidemiological studies can be carried out both from dogs and from the environment, due to the similarity that both groups present in their biological parameters.