Exploring the Psychometrics of the German and Dutch versions of the 16-item Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale (MDS-16): Maladaptive Daydreaming, Fantasy Proneness and Counterfactual Thinking

The maladaptive daydreaming scale (MDS-16) is a self-report measure translated into 37 languages. The present study aimed to investigate the psychometrics of the German and Dutch versions of MDS-16 in a sample of 201 people. Correlations between maladaptive daydreaming, fantasy proneness, and counterfactual thinking were also studied. Both language versions displayed adequate sensitivity, specificity, and scale reliability. We were able to replicate previous findings that concluded a positive correlation between fantasy proneness and maladaptive daydreaming (MD), yet unable to find a correlation between MD and counterfactual thinking.