Major- and trace-element compositions of 915 melt inclusions and host olivines from Hawaiian shield volcanoes

The Hawaii archipelago, home to one of the most active volcanic locations in the world, provides the ideal natural laboratory to investigate ‘hotspot’ processes (i.e. mantle lithology, crustal recycling, melt production, magma transport, mixing, and degassing, and crystallization) over variable time scales (months to thousands of years). Major- and trace-element variations in magmas derived from deep-seated mantle plumes are instrumental to distinguish these dynamic processes. Additionally, variations in H2O and CO2 abundances in primary magmas likely record the global cycling of volatile elements via subduction to deep mantle followed by entrainment and melting within ascending mantle plumes, and can provide detailed constraints on melting rate, lithology, and geochemical zonation in mantle plumes. As a tool to help understand these enigmatic processes we have amassed a comprehensive dataset that includes major, trace, and volatile element abundances on 915 melt inclusions and their host olivines. Between 14-55 melt inclusions and olivines were analyzed on 29 submarine and subaerial samples from 5 Hawaiian volcanoes (Kilauea, Mauna Loa, Loihi, Hualalai, and Koolau). These melt inclusions span eruptive stages (preshield and shield volcanism), are compositionally variable (olivines with Fo82-91), and are geographically distributed (‘Kea’ and ‘Loa’ volcanoes sampled), making them ideal candidates to better understand the dynamics of hotspot volcanism. This work is dedicated to the memory of Erik Hauri.