Daily Rainfall Observations from 460 Stations and Flood Event Records across West Java, Indonesia (2020–2025)

This repository provides a harmonized, station-level daily rainfall dataset and a verified flood event catalog covering the entire province of West Java, Indonesia, from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2025. Daily rainfall observations were compiled from 460 stations operated by BMKG (synoptic, climatological, and rainfall stations), as well as collaborative networks (BBWS, Pos Hujan Kerjasama). All stations were geolocated using WGS84 coordinates and aligned to the BPS 2023 administrative gazetteer.
The flood event catalogue (n = 4,231 events) was assembled from the National Disaster Data and Information (DIBI-BNPB) database and BPBD West Java reports, deduplicated, and cross-validated against media records. A consensus table (n = 3,514 events) links each flood event to the nearest rainfall observation within 25 km and ±1 day, enabling direct event–rainfall analysis.
Data have been processed through a four-stage WMO-compliant quality control workflow (format harmonization, range checks, temporal consistency, and spatial consistency). Stations with more than 30% missing daily values are flagged but retained; the published rainfall matrix is left unimputed to preserve raw observational integrity, while the consensus table uses Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW, power = 2) for short gaps (≤2 days).
The dataset supports benchmarking of satellite (GSMaP, IMERG) and reanalysis (ERA5, MERRA-2) precipitation products, hydrological modeling, flood-risk assessment, and training of machine-learning forecasting models (e.g., XGBoost, LSTM) over a densely populated tropical region.