Supplementary Material for: Stability and Variability in Slovak Prosodic Boundaries

Background/Aim: Encoding intended meanings in the type and strength of prosodic boundaries and strategies for communicating these meanings in ambient noise use similar prosodic cues. We analyze how increasing the level of ambient noise affects the realization of Slovak prosodic boundaries. Methods: Five native speakers of Slovak read sentences, manipulating the boundary type (weak, rise, fall) and the location of pre-boundary pitch accent. Ambient noise of several levels was administered via headphones. Acoustic and articulatory data (electromagnetometry) were collected. Results: Under normal condition, boundary strength is signaled with longer pre-boundary rhymes, more frequent pauses, greater crossboundary f0 resets and jaw displacement. The strength of falls is realized in crossboundary features (pauses, f0 reset), and rises in pre-boundary features (rhyme duration, f0 range). Pitch-accented rhymes are strengthened in all features, but f0 range. In noise, the increase in boundary strength is weak, and falls strengthen more than rises. F0 targets for falls and rises are adjusted in addition to noiseinduced global f0 scaling and lengthening. Conclusion: Hyper-articulation of prosodic boundaries in ambient noise is not robust and uniform; rather, durational, f0 and jaw displacement features co-create complex prosodic patterns in a complementary and synergetic manner based on affordances in normal speech.研究背景与目标：在环境噪声场景中，无论是通过韵律边界（prosodic boundaries）的类型与强度编码意图语义，还是借助相关策略传递该类语义，均会采用相似的韵律线索。本研究旨在分析环境噪声强度提升如何影响斯洛伐克语韵律边界的实现方式。 研究方法：5名斯洛伐克语母语者朗读句子，实验中操控韵律边界类型（弱边界、升调边界、降调边界）与边界前调重音的位置。通过头戴式耳机播放不同强度等级的环境噪声。采集声学与发音运动数据，数据记录采用发音电磁测量术（electromagnetometry）。 研究结果：正常条件下，韵律边界强度通过更长的边界前韵部、更频繁的停顿、更大幅度的跨边界基频（f0）重置以及下颌位移来传递。降调边界的强度通过跨边界特征（停顿、基频重置）体现，升调边界的强度则通过边界前特征（韵部时长、基频变化范围）体现。带重音的韵部在各项特征上均得到强化，唯独基频变化范围除外。在噪声环境中，边界强度的提升效果较弱，且降调边界的强化程度高于升调边界。除了噪声引发的整体基频缩放与时长延长之外，降调与升调的基频目标也会得到调整。 研究结论：环境噪声下的韵律边界过度发音（hyper-articulation）并不具备鲁棒性与一致性；相反，时长、基频与下颌位移特征会基于正常言语的固有发声条件，以互补协同的方式共同构建出复杂的韵律模式。