Data from: Dual-mode microfluidic immunostaining device for diagnostic biomarkers detection and tumor microenvironment evaluation

The limited availability of tissue samples from rare tumors poses a major
barrier to advances in precise diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and
therapeutic research—challenges exemplified by primary central nervous
system diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma (PCNS‑DLBCL). Here, we developed a
dual-mode microfluidic immunostaining (Dumi) device, which integrates
diagnostic and research workflows into a single, automated platform,
reducing tissue section consumption by over 90 %. Using just 1–2 slides,
it enables both regional detection of biomarkers for subtyping diagnostic
(≤ 16) and construction of multiplex tumor microenvironment (TME) maps.
Joint analysis of multi-region diagnostic biomarkers in the TME map
indicates that tumor cell subpopulations defined by specific diagnostic
biomarkers can actively shape their in situ microenvironmental niche. Dumi
offers an efficient, cost-effective, and multifunctional immunostaining
method, overcoming the limitations of scarce tissue resources and
providing a clinically accessible solution to the diagnostic and
therapeutic challenges of rare tumors.