Water extract of ampelopsis grossedentata improves reproductive performance in laying hens by regulating gut microbiota and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Reproductive organs, especially the ovaries and oviducts, exhibit signs of aging earlier and more rapidly than other body systems. Recent studies have focused on natural compounds to mitigate reproductive aging, with the water extract of Ampelopsis grossedentata (WEA) showing promise due to its antioxidant, anti-tumor, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the specific bioactive constituents and mechanisms of WEA in alleviating reproductive aging remain unclear. This study used laying hens as a model to explore the impact of WEA on egg quality, oviduct inflammation, and gut microbiota. A total of 288 laying hens (55 weeks old) were assigned to four groups: control and three WEA doses (50, 150, 250 mg/kg). During the experiment, the production performance, like egg weight were recorded daily. After the 8-week experimental period, biological samples were collected for subsequent analysis.