Global Arms Procurement Timing and Access Dataset (GAPTAD), 2000–2019

The Global Arms Procurement Timing and Access Dataset (GAPTAD), 2000–2019 is a transaction-level dataset developed for research on the timing, completion, congestion and political conditions of international arms procurement. It contains 7,502 records covering 151 recipient countries, 87 supplier countries and 11 major weapon categories. When recipient and supplier roles are combined, the dataset includes 155 unique countries. The unit of observation is a recipient–supplier–weapon transaction or order. Each record includes the recipient and supplier, weapon description and category, order year, ordered and delivered quantities, first and last observed delivery years, delivery delays, completion ratio and pending or incomplete status. This structure allows researchers to distinguish first delivery from full order completion and examine whether large orders begin delivery quickly but remain incomplete for longer periods. The dataset is built around major conventional arms-transfer records originating from the SIPRI Arms Transfers Database and is harmonised with country-year and country-pair indicators from public international sources. It includes measures of supplier-category backlog, same-year competing orders, bilateral political distance based on UN General Assembly voting, political alignment, supplier dependence, previous trade relationships, regional conflict exposure, military expenditure and real GDP. SIPRI Trend-Indicator Values are used only as volume indicators and must not be interpreted as prices, contractual values or verified payments. The dataset does not identify whether a system was fully paid for, the timing of payments or the definitive political reason for suspension or non-delivery. Indicators for embargoes, export-licence restrictions, political interruptions and cancellations should therefore be treated as reproducible signals rather than conclusive causal classifications. Regional threat measures combine conflict fatalities outside the recipient country with geographical distance, allowing security exposure to be represented even when the country is not directly at war. The final analytical file contains 51 variables, each abbreviated to no more than four characters. A codebook explains definitions, sources, formulas and coding rules. No substantive economic, political, conflict or transaction value was statistically imputed. Where delivery dates were not observed, documented sentinel codes were used instead of invented dates. Users should consult the codebook before recoding these values. GAPTAD supports descriptive analysis, fixed-effects estimation, binary-response models, survival analysis, competing-risk frameworks, network analysis and weapon-category heterogeneity studies. It is intended to improve transparency and reproducibility in research on defence procurement, delivery delays, order completion, supplier dependence, production bottlenecks and the political economy of international arms transfers.2000–2019年全球武器采购时序与准入数据集（Global Arms Procurement Timing and Access Dataset，简称GAPTAD）是一款面向国际武器采购的时序、完成情况、积压状况及政治环境研究开发的交易级数据集。该数据集包含7502条记录，涵盖151个受援国、87个供应国以及11类主要武器装备；若将受援国与供应国身份合并统计，则数据集覆盖155个独特国家。 该数据集的观测单元为「受援国-供应国-武器」交易或订单。每条记录包含受援国与供应国信息、武器描述及分类、订单年份、订购与交付数量、首次与末次观测交付年份、交付延迟时长、完成率以及待处理或未完成状态。该数据结构支持研究者区分首次交付与订单全量完成情况，并可检验大额订单是否可快速启动交付但长期处于未完成状态。 本数据集以源自斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所（SIPRI）武器转让数据库的主要常规武器转让记录为核心构建，并与公开国际数据源中的国家-年度及国家-双边指标进行标准化对齐。数据集包含以下指标：供应国-武器品类积压量、同年竞争性订单、基于联合国大会投票的双边政治距离、政治契合度、对供应国的依赖度、既往贸易往来关系、区域冲突暴露程度、军费开支及实际GDP。 SIPRI趋势指标值仅可作为规模指标使用，不得被解读为价格、合同金额或已核实的付款金额。本数据集未标注武器系统是否已全额付款、付款时序，以及交付暂停或未交付的明确政治原因。因此，禁运、出口许可限制、政治中断及订单取消相关指标仅应被视为可复现的信号，而非确定性因果分类依据。 区域威胁指标将受援国境外的冲突伤亡数据与地理距离相结合，即便受援国未直接参战，也可表征其安全暴露程度。最终分析文件包含51个变量，每个变量的缩写均不超过4个字符。数据代码手册对各变量的定义、数据源、计算公式及编码规则进行了说明。 本数据集未对实质性经济、政治、冲突或交易价值进行统计插补。若未观测到交付日期，则采用已记录的哨兵代码（sentinel codes）替代虚构日期。用户在对这些值进行重编码前，应查阅数据代码手册。 GAPTAD可支持描述性分析、固定效应估计、二元响应模型、生存分析、竞争风险框架、网络分析及武器品类异质性研究。本数据集旨在提升国防采购、交付延迟、订单完成、供应国依赖、生产瓶颈及国际武器转让政治经济学相关研究的透明度与可复现性。