Correlation coefficients of studies calculated from <i>P</i>-values according to the principal results extracted.

1Fisher-transformed correlation. 2The reported value is P<0.04. 3The reported P-value (0.04) is for PAEE only, not for the whole model. 4The correlation giving P = 0.74 is +0.03 or −0.03 (P-value for trend). We use calculated r = 0.00 as an approximation of these two values. 5The analysis presented in the source study directly addresses PAEE and is not a stepwise regression. 6This repeated measures ANOVA uses both year 2 – year 1 changes and year 1 – year 0 changes. The sample size is 88 subjects, but the effective sample size is somewhere between 88 and 2 * 88 = 176 depending on the correlation between individual changes (respectively from 1 to 0).