Reverse diel vertical movements of oceanic manta rays off the northern coast of Peru and implications for conservation

An understanding of the vertical movements of elasmobranchs across their range is crucial to defining critical habitat use, its overlap with anthropogenic activities, and subsequently managing such interactions. In this study, satellite telemetry was used to investigate the vertical habitat use of three oceanic manta rays (Mobula birostris) tagged on the northern coast of Peru. All three oceanic mantas exhibited patterns of reverse diel vertical migration, where vertical movements were significantly deeper at night than the day, as well as an overall preference for surface habitats (&lt; 2 m). High-resolution archival data (3-5 s) from two recovered tags revealed fine-scale behaviours, where individuals predominately remained in coastal surface waters throughout the day and oscillated up and down through a highly stratified water column at night. Our results suggest that coastal vertical movements were motivated by a combined foraging and thermal recovery strategy, whereby ocea...明晰板鳃类（elasmobranchs）在其分布范围内的垂直活动规律，对界定其关键栖息地利用模式、研判其与人类活动的重叠范围，并后续开展此类相互作用的管理工作均具有关键意义。 本研究采用卫星遥测技术，针对在秘鲁北部海岸完成标记的3只远洋蝠鲼（Mobula birostris）的垂直栖息地利用模式展开探究。 3只远洋蝠鲼均呈现反向昼夜垂直迁移特征：夜间垂直活动深度显著大于日间，且整体偏好栖息于表层水域（水深<2米）。从2枚回收的追踪标签中获取的3~5秒高分辨率存档数据，进一步揭示了其精细尺度的行为模式：个体日间主要滞留于近岸表层水域，夜间则在高度分层的水体中上下往复游动。 本研究结果显示，蝠鲼的近岸垂直活动是觅食与体温恢复双重策略共同驱动的，其具体机制为……