Early Enteral Nutrition in Patients Undergoing Intestinal Anastomosis

A prospective longitudinal study of 54 patients who underwent intestinal anastomosis and were started on early enteral nutrition at the University Hospital of the Central University of Venezuela (November 2022 to September 2023), all of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Taking as early enteral nutrition two study groups: GROUP 1 tolerance at 24 hours and GROUP 2. Tolerance at 48 hours. Hospital stay and complications were evaluated. Of the 54 patients 40(74.1%) were operated on in emergency surgery 46(85.2%) patients were male. There was no difference in the mean ages of the two diet groups (P=0.254), the mean age was 33.9/14.8 years. There was no statistically significant difference (P=0.086) in the mean number of days of hospitalization (4.7/2.4 days) between patients according to the type of diet. Vomiting occurred in 20.37%, with no statistically significant differences between the groups of patients with diet 1 and 2. There were 2 (3.7%) cases of leakage that required reintervention, and this complication was not associated with the initiation of a particular type of diet, type of surgery, surgical time or site of injury. Early enteral nutrition is a viable option in patients undergoing intestinal anastomosis, is not associated with the incidence of dehiscence, is well tolerated by the patients, has acceptable complications, most frequently associated with vomiting, and reduces hospital stay.本数据集为一项前瞻性纵向研究，纳入委内瑞拉中央大学附属医院2022年11月至2023年9月期间接受肠吻合术且术后启动早期肠内营养（early enteral nutrition）的54例患者，所有受试者均符合纳入标准。本研究以早期肠内营养耐受时间为分组依据，分为两组：组1为24小时耐受组，组2为48小时耐受组。本研究评估了患者的住院时长与术后并发症发生情况。54例患者中，40例（74.1%）接受急诊手术，46例（85.2%）为男性。两组患者的平均年龄无统计学差异（P=0.254），整体平均年龄为33.9±14.8岁。按营养方案分组的患者，平均住院天数为4.7±2.4天，组间无统计学显著差异（P=0.086）。呕吐发生率为20.37%，组1与组2患者间无统计学差异。共出现2例（3.7%）需再次手术干预的吻合漏病例，该并发症与营养方案类型、手术类型、手术时长或损伤部位均无关联。术后早期肠内营养应用于肠吻合术患者是安全可行的方案，其不增加吻合口裂开发生率，患者耐受度良好，并发症发生率可控，最常见并发症为呕吐，且可缩短住院时长。