祁连山综合观测网：青海湖流域地表过程综合观测网（亚高山灌丛气象要素梯度观测系统-2019）

该数据集包含了2019年4月28日至2019年12月31日青海湖流域地表过程综合观测网亚高山灌丛气象要素梯度观测系统数据。站点位于青海省刚察县沙柳河镇大寺附近，下垫面是亚高山灌丛。观测点经纬度为：东经100°6'3.62"E，北纬37°31'15.67"N，海拔3495m。风速/风向、空气温度、相对湿度传感器分别架设在3m、5m、10m处，共3层，朝向正北；气压计安装在3m处；翻斗式雨量计安装在塔西偏北侧2m平台上；四分量辐射仪安装在6m处，朝向正南；两个红外温度计安装在6m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向下；土壤热流板（自校正式）（3块）依次埋设在地下6cm处，朝向正南距离塔体2m处；土壤温度探头埋设在地下5cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、80cm、120cm、200cm、300cm和500cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正东方；土壤水分传感器分别埋设在地下5cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、80cm、120cm、200cm、300cm和500cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正东方；光合有效辐射仪安装在6m处，探头垂直向上和向下方向各一个，朝向正南。
观测项目有：风速（WS_3m、WS_5m、WS_10m）(单位：米/秒)、风向（WD_3m、WD_5m、WD_10m）(单位：度)、空气温湿度（Ta_3m、Ta_5m、Ta_10m和RH_3m、RH_5m、RH_10m）(单位：摄氏度、百分比)、降水量（Rain）(单位：毫米)、气压（Press）(单位：百帕)、地表辐射温度（IRT_1、IRT_2）(单位：摄氏度)、向上与向下光合有效辐射（PAR_U_up、PAR_U_down）(单位：微摩尔/平方米秒) 、四分量辐射（DR、UR、DLR_Cor、ULR_Cor、Rn）(单位：瓦/平方米)、土壤热通量（Gs_1、Gs_2、Gs_3）(单位：瓦/平方米)、土壤水分（Ms_5cm、Ms_10cm、Ms_20cm、Ms_40cm、Ms_80cm、Ms_120cm、Ms_200cm、Ms_300cm、Ms_500cm）(单位：百分比)、土壤温度（Ts_5cm、Ts_10cm、Ts_20cm、Ts_40cm、Ts_80cm、Ts_120cm、Ts_200cm、Ts_300cm、Ts_500cm）(单位：摄氏度)。
观测数据的处理与质量控制：（1）确保每天144个数据（每10min），若出现数据的缺失，则由-6999标示；（2）剔除有重复记录的时刻；（3）删除了明显超出物理意义或超出仪器量程的数据；（4）数据中以红字标示的部分为有疑问的数据；（5）日期和时间的格式统一，并且日期、时间在同一列。如，时间为：2018/8/31 10:30。

This dataset contains data from the gradient meteorological observation system for subalpine shrubland in the Qinghai Lake Basin Surface Process Comprehensive Observation Network, covering the period from April 28, 2019 to December 31, 2019. The observation site is located near Dasi Temple in Shaliuhe Town, Gangcha County, Qinghai Province, with the underlying surface being subalpine shrubland. The coordinates of the observation point are: 100°6'3.62" E longitude, 37°31'15.67" N latitude, and an altitude of 3495 m. Wind speed/direction, air temperature, and relative humidity sensors are installed at 3 m, 5 m, and 10 m heights respectively, with a total of 3 layers, facing due north; a barometer is installed at 3 m height; a tipping-bucket rain gauge is installed on a platform 2 m to the west-north of the tower; a four-component radiometer is installed at 6 m height, facing due south; two infrared thermometers are installed at 6 m height, facing due south, with their probes pointing vertically downward; three self-calibrating soil heat flux plates are sequentially buried at 6 cm underground, facing due south and 2 m away from the tower body; soil temperature probes are buried at 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 80 cm, 120 cm, 200 cm, 300 cm, and 500 cm underground, 2 m due east of the meteorological tower; soil moisture sensors are respectively buried at 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 80 cm, 120 cm, 200 cm, 300 cm, and 500 cm underground, 2 m due east of the meteorological tower; a photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor is installed at 6 m height, with one probe pointing vertically upward and one vertically downward, facing due south. The observation items include: wind speed (WS_3m, WS_5m, WS_10m) (unit: meters per second, m/s), wind direction (WD_3m, WD_5m, WD_10m) (unit: degrees, °), air temperature and humidity (Ta_3m, Ta_5m, Ta_10m and RH_3m, RH_5m, RH_10m) (units: degrees Celsius (°C), percentage (%)), precipitation (Rain) (unit: millimeters, mm), atmospheric pressure (Press) (unit: hectopascals, hPa), surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit: degrees Celsius (°C)), upward and downward photosynthetically active radiation (PAR_U_up, PAR_U_down) (unit: micromoles per square meter per second, μmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹), four-component radiation (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watts per square meter, W·m⁻²), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watts per square meter, W·m⁻²), soil moisture (Ms_5cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_80cm, Ms_120cm, Ms_200cm, Ms_300cm, Ms_500cm) (unit: percentage (%)), soil temperature (Ts_5cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_80cm, Ts_120cm, Ts_200cm, Ts_300cm, Ts_500cm) (unit: degrees Celsius (°C)). Data processing and quality control of the observation data: (1) Ensure that there are 144 data records per day (one record every 10 minutes), and missing data is marked with -6999; (2) Remove records with duplicate timestamps; (3) Delete data that obviously exceeds physical limits or instrument measurement ranges; (4) Data marked in red are considered questionable; (5) The format of date and time is unified, and date and time are stored in the same column. For example, the time format is: 2018/8/31 10:30.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集记录了2019年青海湖流域亚高山灌丛地区的气象要素梯度观测数据，包括风速、风向、空气温湿度、降水量、气压等多种气象和土壤参数。观测站点位于青海省刚察县，海拔3495米，数据经过严格的质量控制和处理，确保数据的准确性和一致性。