Data from: The evolution of between-species reproductive interference capability under different within-species mating regimes

Sexual selection sometimes favors male traits that benefit their bearers, but harm their mates. The harmful effects of male traits may also extend to females of other species via heterospecific mating interactions. This could affect the coexistence of closely related species during secondary contact. We examined the evolution of the interspecific interfering capability of a beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis) with a congener (C. maculatus) using C. chinensis males reared under conditions of monogamy and polygamy for 17 generations. After experimental evolution, C. chinensis males reared under polygamous conditions imposed greater impacts on offspring production by C. maculatus females than did C. chinensis males reared under monogamous conditions. However, the mechanism by which differential mating regimes altered the effect of C. chinensis males on C. maculatus females was unclear, because we did not find evidence for the expected genital evolution in C. chinensis, despite their body size divergence. Our findings suggest that traits that originally evolved through sexual selection in two allopatric species could influence the coexistence of these species or the likelihood of reinforcement during secondary contact.性选择（Sexual selection）有时会青睐那些对自身有益却会损害配偶的雄性性状。雄性性状的有害效应还可通过异种交配互动（heterospecific mating interactions）波及其他物种的雌性个体，进而可能影响近缘物种在二次接触（secondary contact）期间的共存状态。本研究以绿豆象（Callosobruchus chinensis）及其近缘同属物种四纹豆象（C. maculatus）为对象，对分别经单配偶制（monogamy）与多配偶制（polygamy）饲养17代的雄性绿豆象，开展其异种干扰能力演化的探究。实验演化（experimental evolution）结束后，多配偶制饲养的雄性绿豆象对四纹豆象雌性的后代产出（offspring production）造成的负面影响，显著强于单配偶制饲养的雄性绿豆象。然而，不同交配制度（differential mating regimes）如何改变雄性绿豆象对四纹豆象雌性的影响，其内在机制仍不明确：尽管实验后雄性绿豆象出现了体型分化（body size divergence），但并未找到预期的生殖器演化（genital evolution）相关证据。本研究结果表明，原本在两个异域分布物种（allopatric species）中通过性选择演化而来的性状，可能会影响这些物种在二次接触期间的共存状态，或是改变其生殖增强（reinforcement）作用发生的概率。