Male-biased dispersal causes intersexual differences in the subpopulation structure of the gray-sided vole

The genetic structure of gray-sided voles was investigated at a spatial scale of 2 km using mtDNA sequences. The control region (674bp) of 162 voles was sequenced and 18 haplotypes were identified. Within 0.5-ha trapping plots (n = 8), the number of haplotypes and gene diversity was significantly greater in males than in females. The fixation index among plots for females (F GP = 0.241) was 3 times as large as that for males (0.075), implying male-biased dispersal. A simulation analysis showed that the observed genetic structure in males could be generated by modifying the observed haplotype distribution of females by adding the effects of local male dispersal. Half of the pairwise F GP (15/28) showed significant differentiation in females, whereas almost none (1/28) were significant in males. Isolation by distance was observed in females, whereas no clear spatial pattern was observed in males. Most pairwise F GP for females were not significant in the short- and intermediate-distance c...本研究以2千米为空间尺度，针对灰背䶄（gray-sided vole）的遗传结构展开探究，采用线粒体DNA（mtDNA）序列作为分析标记。研究对162只灰背䶄的线粒体控制区（674bp）进行了测序，共鉴定出18个单倍型。在8个面积为0.5公顷的捕获样地中，雄性个体的单倍型数量与基因多样性均显著高于雌性个体。雌性个体的样地间固定指数（F_GP=0.241）约为雄性个体（0.075）的3倍，这一结果暗示了雄性偏向的扩散模式。模拟分析结果表明，通过引入雄性局部扩散的效应，对雌性观测到的单倍型分布进行修正，即可复现雄性个体所观测到的遗传结构。在雌性个体的成对F_GP值中，有半数（15/28）呈现出显著的遗传分化，而雄性个体中仅1/28的成对F_GP值表现出显著分化。雌性个体呈现出距离隔离的空间遗传格局，而雄性个体则未观测到明确的空间分布模式。在短距离与中等距离范围内，多数雌性个体的成对F_GP值未表现出显著分化……