Results of the GLMMs testing the relationships between the prevalence of avian malaria <i>Plasmodium</i>, the related <i>Haemoproteus</i> and <i>Leucocytozoon</i> parasites (N = 2,588), and the seroprevalence of WNV (N = 2,544), and individual characteristics of house sparrows (age, sex, and month of capture), avian and mammal species density, richness (estimated from a rarefaction curve) and diversity (calculated as evenness index).

Significant relationships (p ≤ 0.05) are highlighted in bold; conditional and marginal (in brackets) R2 variance are shown.