Data from: Phenotypic constraints and community structure: linking trade-offs within and among species

AbstractTrade-offs are central to many topics in biology, from the evolution of life histories to ecological mechanisms of species coexistence. Trade-offs observed among species may reflect pervasive constraints on phenotypes that are achievable given biophysical and resource limitations. If so, then among-species trade-offs should be consistent with trade-offs within species. Alternatively, trait variation among co-occurring species may reflect historical contingencies during community assembly rather than within-species constraints. Here, we test whether a key trade-off between relative growth rate (RGR) and water-use efficiency (WUE) among Sonoran Desert winter annual plants is apparent within four species representing different strategies in the system. We grew progeny of maternal families from multiple populations in a greenhouse common garden. One species, Pectocarya recurvata, displayed the expected RGR – WUE trade-off among families within populations. For other species, although RGR and WUE often varied clinally among populations, among-family variation within populations was lacking, implicating a role for past selection on these traits. Our results suggest that a combination of limited genetic variation in single traits and negative trait correlations could pose constraints on the evolution of a high-RGR and high-WUE phenotype within species, providing a microevolutionary explanation for phenotypes that influence community-level patterns of abundance and coexistence., Usage notesAngert et al. Desert Annuals DataPhenotypic measurements of relative growth rate (RGR, measured based on change in leaf area per day) and water-use efficiency (as measured by carbon isotope discrimination, Delta, in ppm) for winter annual plants grown in a greenhouse common garden at Colorado State University. Note that Delta is negatively related to water-use efficiency. Design includes replicate individuals of up to 30 maternal families from each of 4-5 populations per each of 4 species. Species codes: STMI = Stylocline micropoides, PERE = Pectocarya recurvata, ERTE = Erodium texanum, ERLA = Eriophyllum lanosum. Population codes: TUMH = Tumamoc Hill, AZ; OPNM = Organ Pipe National Monument, AZ; SDNM = Sonoran Desert National Monument, AZ; SENT = Sentinel, AZ; RINC = Rincon Mountains, AZ; CALI = Californian populations (see manuscript for exact locations for each species). Climatic values for winter maximum temperature (Tmax_wt), winter minimum temperature (Tmin_wt), and winter precipitation (PPT_wt) were estimated based on latitude and longitude using the program ClimateWNA.AngertDAGreenhouseDryad.csv摘要 权衡（trade-off）是生物学诸多核心议题的核心范畴，从生活史演化到物种共存的生态机制皆然。物种间观测到的权衡现象，往往反映了生物物理约束与资源限制下，可实现表型所面临的普遍限制。若此推论成立，则物种间的权衡关系应与物种内的权衡相一致。反之，共存物种间的性状变异，或许更多反映了群落组装过程中的历史偶然性，而非物种内部的性状约束。本研究以索诺兰沙漠（Sonoran Desert）冬季一年生植物为研究对象，检验其相对生长速率（relative growth rate, RGR）与水分利用效率（water-use efficiency, WUE）之间的关键权衡，是否在代表该系统不同生存策略的4个物种种内均存在。我们在温室共栽园中培育了来自多个种群的母系家系后代。其中一个物种——弯枝鹤虱（Pectocarya recurvata）——在种群内的家系间展现出预期的RGR-WUE权衡关系。对于其余物种，尽管RGR与WUE在种群间常呈现渐变的地理变异，但种群内的家系间并无显著性状差异，这表明过往的定向选择对这些性状起到了塑造作用。本研究结果表明，单个性状的有限遗传变异与负向性状相关性的共同作用，可能限制了物种内兼具高RGR与高WUE表型的演化，为解释影响群落水平丰度与物种共存模式的表型特征提供了微演化层面的依据。 使用说明 安格特等（Angert et al.） 沙漠一年生植物数据集 本数据集包含在科罗拉多州立大学温室共栽园中培育的冬季一年生植物的表型测量数据，具体指标为相对生长速率（RGR，以每日叶面积变化量计算）与水分利用效率（以碳同位素判别值Δ（Delta，单位为ppm）测定）。需注意，Δ值与水分利用效率呈负相关关系。实验设计为：共纳入4个物种，每个物种对应4至5个种群，每个种群最多设置30个母系家系的重复个体。物种代码对应如下：STMI = 微毛星毛草（Stylocline micropoides），PERE = 弯枝鹤虱（Pectocarya recurvata），ERTE = 德克萨斯牻牛儿苗（Erodium texanum），ERLA = 绵毛异叶菊（Eriophyllum lanosum）。种群代码对应如下：TUMH = 亚利桑那州图马科山（Tumamoc Hill, AZ），OPNM = 亚利桑那州风琴管国家纪念区（Organ Pipe National Monument, AZ），SDNM = 亚利桑那州索诺兰沙漠国家纪念区（Sonoran Desert National Monument, AZ），SENT = 亚利桑那州森特奈尔（Sentinel, AZ），RINC = 亚利桑那州林孔山脉（Rincon Mountains, AZ），CALI = 加利福尼亚种群（各物种的精确采样地点详见对应研究论文）。冬季最高温（Tmax_wt）、冬季最低温（Tmin_wt）与冬季降水量（PPT_wt）等气候数据，通过ClimateWNA程序基于采样点的经纬度估算得到。数据集文件名为：AngertDAGreenhouseDryad.csv