The evolution of Thermal Performance Curves and life-history traits in responses to thermal selection

Thermal performance curves (TPCs) capture how population growth depends on temperature. When temperatures increase, such as during global change, TPCs may evolve to match new environmental temperatures. While previous studies mostly focus on population growth rate TPCs, evolution can also be strongly trait-dependent and require a multi-trait analysis. Here, we empirically tested how TPCs and multiple demographic, life-history and movement traits evolve by selecting four freshwater protist species at increased temperatures starting from clonal populations. After ten months of selection, populations showed a signature of evolutionary responses to the highest selection temperatures in different traits depending on the species. Particularly, we found consistent evolutionary reductions in body size in the three species having the largest cells and evolved changes in movement behaviour in all species. In contrast, we observed few modifications in population growth rate TPCs. These results sug..., , # The evolution of Thermal Performance Curves and life-history traits in responses to thermal selection Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.q83bk3jxx](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.q83bk3jxx) ## Description of the data and file structure Data is structured into 3 folders: niche, R0 and traits. The \"R0\" folder contains data relevant to calculate intrinsic rate of increase as a function of temperature, \"niche\" contains relevant data for constructing niches/TPCs and \"traits\" contains protist traits across temperatures. ### Files and variables #### File: TPC_Submission.zip **Description:**Â every folder contains a respective readme file with relevant information. Every folder also contains data (txt format) as well as analysis scripts (R). Information also provided in the main text. Temperature in the dataset is always given in Celsius degrees. Fit_R0: The folder contains data and script to obtain the r0 estimates (growth rate in 1/h) for each individual replicate Fit_niche: Data and scri..., ,热性能曲线（Thermal Performance Curves, TPCs）刻画了种群增长如何随温度变化。当温度升高时，比如全球变化过程中，TPCs可能会发生演化以适应新的环境温度。既往研究大多聚焦于种群增长率的TPCs，但演化过程同时也强烈依赖于性状，并需要开展多性状分析。本研究通过从克隆种群出发，在升温条件下对4种淡水原生动物进行选择实验，实证探究了TPCs以及多种种群统计、生活史和运动性状的演化规律。经过10个月的选择实验后，不同种群在不同性状上均呈现出对最高选择温度的演化响应特征，且存在物种特异性差异。具体而言，我们在3种体型最大的原生动物中发现了一致的体型演化减小趋势，且在所有受试物种中均观察到运动行为的演化改变。与之相反，种群增长率TPCs几乎未发生显著变化。本研究结果提示…… # 热选择下热性能曲线与生活史性状的演化 数据集DOI: [10.5061/dryad.q83bk3jxx](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.q83bk3jxx) ## 数据与文件结构说明 本数据集分为3个文件夹：niche、"R0"与traits。其中"R0"文件夹包含用于计算温度依赖的内禀增长率（intrinsic rate of increase）的相关数据；"niche"文件夹包含构建生态位/TPCs所需的相关数据；"traits"文件夹则包含不同温度下原生动物的各类性状数据。 ### 文件与变量说明 #### 文件："TPC_Submission.zip" **描述：** 每个子文件夹均包含对应的说明文档（"readme"）以提供相关信息；同时每个文件夹内均包含文本格式（"txt"）的数据文件与R语言分析脚本。 相关信息亦可参见正文。本数据集内的温度单位均为摄氏度（℃）。 Fit_R0： 该文件夹包含用于获取每个重复样本的r0估计值（单位：1/h，即每小时的增长率）的数据与脚本。 Fit_niche： 数据与脚本……