Research status of the relationship between maternal metabolic disorders and congenital heart disease in offspring

The relationship between maternal metabolic disorders and the risk of congenital heart disease in offspring has been a hot topic in research. Based on numerous large cohort studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, a higher association has been reported between the risk of offspring congenital heart disease and maternal metabolic disorders. This article provides an overview of the current research progress on the relationship between maternal metabolic disorders and offspring congenital heart disease. The studies have shown that maternal metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, and lipid metabolism abnormalities are associated with an increased risk of congenital heart disease in offspring. These metabolic disorders in mothers may affect embryonic development, cardiac structure, and function formation through both genetic and environmental pathways, consequently leading to cardiac developmental defects in the offspring. However, the exact mechanisms involved are not yet fully understood, and further research is needed to delve into the mechanisms and interrelationships between maternal metabolic disorders and offspring congenital heart disease. This field of study can provide important theoretical foundations and clinical guidance for early diagnosis, comprehensive monitoring, and even implementation of preventive strategies for congenital heart disease.