Single cell transcriptome profiling of a Macaca fascicularis Alzheimers disease model

Tauopathies are characterized by the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau and its accumulation within neurons, which also constitutes one of the key molecular hallmarks of Alzheimers disease . To systematically elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of tauopathies at the large animal level, we successfully established a transgenic cynomolgus monkey model stably expressing human mutant Tau P301L using a lentivirus mediated embryonic infection strategy. This model exhibits age-dependent neurodegenerative changes and progressive motor dysfunction, closely mimicking the core clinical and pathological features of human tauopathies.Single-nucleus RNA sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool for dissecting cell type-specific susceptibility and molecular mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases. Building on this foundation, this study systematically provides single-nucleus transcriptomic datasets for the striatum, hippocampus, and spinal cord, three key regions, in 4 years old Tau P301L transgenic cynomolgus monkeys and their littermate controls, laying a data foundation for in-depth exploration of the cell specific pathological networks of tauopathies in the primate brain and spinal cord.