Immunogene expression in murine macrophages infected by Salmonella and pretreated by metabolite inhibitors

The TCA cycle metabolite fumarate stood out as one of the most significantly upregulated metabolites following exposure to LPS stimulation and S. Typhimurium infection in murine macrophages. Inhibition of Fh1 activity to truncate TCA cycle increases cytosolic fumarate accumulation and reduces NADH production . As expected, the pharmacological inhibition of Fh1 by a well-established pharmacological inhibitor FHIN1 led to an increased NAD+/NADH ratio, then S. Typhimurium infected cells attenuated the S. Typhimurium-induced proinflammatory response, whereas the type I IFN response was activated