Catalogue of Neanderthal Immature Remains

This catalogue documents a large cohort of the known immature Neanderthal individuals, from fetuses to adolescents. Determination of Neanderthal affinity is guided by the most recent literature. Excluded are: (1) non-Neanderthal fossil remains, e.g. the Skhul material; (2) adult, i.e. fully grown, Neanderthals; (3) remains which are too fragmentary to be diagnostic of the developmental status or specific affinity of the individual; and also usually excluded are (4) isolated small elements such as teeth or phalanges. Even after these exclusions, the number of fossils of Neanderthal immatures is considerable, and a few for which descriptions were unavailable or lacking useful details have been omitted. However, all the relatively complete individuals and many fragmentary and rarely cited pieces are listed. Fossils are listed in alphabetical order of the designations by which they are commonly known. These designations are typically the name of the archaeological site, with a specimen number in cases where remains of more than one individual were recovered or where isolated skeletal parts were assigned an identifier. Alphabetical order here ignores the definite article Le, La, Les, El found in some French and Spanish site names. The names of countries are as at the time of writing, which may differ from those at the time of discovery, e.g. the former Yugoslavia.Entries are presented in the same format but information varies according to availability and completeness of sources. Accuracy and completeness are aims but are not guaranteed. References are listed at the end of the catalogue.