Data from: Wolbachia effects in natural populations of Chorthippus parallelus from the Pyrenean hybrid zone.

We evaluate for the first time the effect of Wolbachia infection, involving two different supergoups, on the structure and dynamics of the hybrid zone between two subspecies of Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera) in the Pyrenees. Wolbachia infection showed no effects on female fecundity or a slight increment in females infected by F supergroup although in the last case it has to be well-established. Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is confirmed in crosses carried out in the field between individuals from a natural hybrid population. This CI, registered as the relative reduction in embryo production (sh), was of sh = 0.355 and sh = 0.286 in unidirectional crosses involving B and F supergroups, respectively. CI also occurred in bidirectional crosses (sh = 0.147) but with a weaker intensity. The transmission rates of the two Wolbachia strains (B and F) were estimated by the optimization of a theoretical model in order to reach the infection frequencies observed in certain population. To fit this scenario both supergroups should present transmission rates close to 1. Further, we have simulated the infection dynamics, and hence the capacity of Wolbachia to structure the population of the host insects, and to affect to reproduction and genetic introgression in the hybrid zone. This represents a first example of the influence of Wolbachia in an insect natural hybrid zone.本研究首次评估了涉及两个不同超类群的沃尔巴克氏体（Wolbachia）感染，对比利牛斯山脉地区两种平行雏蝗（Chorthippus parallelus，直翅目Orthoptera）亚种间杂交带的结构与动态的影响。研究结果显示，沃尔巴克氏体感染对雌性繁殖力无显著影响，但感染F超类群的雌性个体繁殖力略有提升，不过该结论需在感染充分建立的前提下方可成立。在自然杂交种群个体间的野外杂交实验中，证实了细胞质不亲和（cytoplasmic incompatibility, CI）现象的存在。该CI以胚胎产量相对降低率（sh）表征，涉及B超类群与F超类群的单向杂交中，sh值分别为0.355与0.286。双向杂交中同样出现CI现象（sh = 0.147），但强度较弱。通过优化理论模型，对两种沃尔巴克氏体菌株（B与F）的传播速率进行了估算，以匹配特定种群中观测到的感染频率。拟合结果表明，两类超类群的传播速率均需接近1才可符合该实验场景。此外，本研究模拟了感染动态，进而探究了沃尔巴克氏体塑造宿主昆虫种群结构、影响杂交带内繁殖与基因渐渗的能力。本研究是沃尔巴克氏体对昆虫自然杂交带产生影响的首个实例。