Fuel moisture inputs and effects on critical surface fire intensity.

Fuel and foliar moisture values (%) and effects on critical surface fireline intensity (kW/m; the surface fire intensity needed to initial crown fire) for the extreme drought (XD), very dry (VD) and moderately dry (D) moisture scenarios: A) surface fuel moisture B) crown foliar moisture, C) average canopy foliar moisture, D) critical surface fireline intensity1, where canopy moisture reflects red foliage and dead 1-hr fuel moistures as shown in C, and E) critical surface fireline intensity2, where canopy moisture reflects that of the Green stage for all four MPB stages.