Overview of sex-selective predation in the literature.

Number of studies reporting sex-selective predation (bold) and the number of predator-prey (abbreviated as PP) pairs of taxa investigated in major animal groups; m = reported male bias, f = reported female bias. Predator-prey pairs = usually species; in a few cases predators or prey given as genera or families (indicated by asterisk). Both male and female bias has been reported in some predator-prey pairs and studies; total number of studies or predator-prey pairs in a cell may be thus lower than the sum of male- and female-biased data following in the parentheses. Some studies included predators or prey from several major groups, and some predator or prey species were, in one or several studies, in pairs with species from several major groups; data in rows and columns do not sum up in such cases. All available data are included, among them studies with <10 prey individuals and statistically non-significant results.