中国新疆肖尔布拉克剖面黄土数据集（30 kyr BP以来）

中亚黄土沉积记录了整个亚洲内陆干旱化的演变。然而，古气候代用指标受到尘源变化和堆积过程的强烈影响。为了解译古环境变化，需要一个来源和积累过程清晰的敏感的古气候指标。本研究对新疆伊犁盆地30 Kyr黄土剖面的重矿物组合和沉积速率进行了研究。在海洋同位素阶段（MIS）2 期间，沙尘沉降速率的趋势与中国黄土高原（CLP）相似，与65°N处的北半球夏季日晒（NHSI）呈反相位。在寒冷阶段，角闪石/绿帘石比率（含量和平均粒径）较低，如末次盛冰期（LGM）和海因里希事件（H）1；在相邻的暖期，它们的比率较高；这归因于运输过程中的风成分选。也就是说，角闪石和绿帘石之间的分选在较暖的阶段发生较强，而在较冷的阶段发生的分选较弱。角闪石/绿帘石比率可以作为风强度的代表，因此也可以作为西伯利亚高压（SH）强度的代表。角闪石/绿帘石比是记录风强度的更合适的指标，而不是沙尘沉降率，后者也受沉积物可用性的影响。较高的角闪石/绿帘石比率对应更负的东亚石笋δ18O，表明在MIS 2期间SH与东亚夏季风（EASM）之间存在反相位关系。

Loess deposits in Central Asia record the evolution of aridification across inland Asia. However, paleoclimate proxies are strongly influenced by changes in dust sources and sedimentary accumulation processes. To interpret paleoenvironmental changes, a sensitive paleoclimate proxy with clear provenance and accumulation processes is required. This study investigated heavy mineral assemblages and sedimentation rates of a 30-kyr loess profile in the Yili Basin, Xinjiang. During Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2, the trend of dust deposition rates is similar to that of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), and it is in antiphase with Northern Hemisphere Summer Insolation (NHSI) at 65°N. During cold stages, the amphibole/epidote ratio (both in content and mean grain size) is lower, such as during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Heinrich Event 1 (H1); during adjacent warm periods, their ratios are higher; this is attributed to wind sorting during transport. In other words, sorting between amphibole and epidote is more intense during warmer stages, and weaker during colder stages. The amphibole/epidote ratio can serve as a proxy for wind intensity, and thus also for the intensity of the Siberian High (SH). The amphibole/epidote ratio is a more suitable proxy for recording wind intensity than dust deposition rate, which is also affected by sediment availability. Higher amphibole/epidote ratios correspond to more negative East Asian stalagmite δ¹⁸O values, indicating an antiphase relationship between the Siberian High (SH) and the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) during MIS 2.