A global historical twice-daily (daytime and nighttime) land surface temperature dataset produced by AVHRR observations from 1981 to 2021 (2006–2021)

Land surface temperature (LST) is a key variable for monitoring and evaluating global long-term climate change. However, existing satellite-based twice-daily LST products only date back to 2000, which makes it difficult to obtain robust long-term temperature variations. We developed the first global historical twice-daily LST dataset (GT-LST), with a spatial resolution of 0.05°, using Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer Level-1b Global Area Coverage data from 1981 to 2021. Validation with in situ measurements from Surface Radiation Budget sites showed that the overall root-mean-square errors of GT-LST varied from 2.0 K to 3.9 K. Inter-comparison with a common LST product (i.e., MYD11A1) revealed that the overall root-mean-square-difference was approximately 3.2 K. More details of this dataset can be seen in <em>readme.pdf.</em> This dataset provides GT-LST product from 2006 to 2021.