Beta-blockade reshapes the tumour immune landscape to enhance chemotherapy control of triple-negative breast cancer progression

Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with limited treatment options. Chemotherapy remains the standard first-line therapy, and immunotherapy has recently been introduced. However, many patients fail to respond. This research investigated whether beta-blockers, commonly prescribed for cardiovascular diseases, could enhance treatment efficacy. Using experimental models, beta-blockers prevented chemotherapy-induced adverse immune alterations and significantly improved chemotherapy-mediated control of triple-negative breast cancer progression. Importantly, beta-blocker treatment promoted memory T-cells in breast cancer, a response that may improve immunotherapy outcomes. Collectively, these findings suggest that targeting stress-related signalling pathway may enhance the effectiveness of existing breast cancer therapies.