Temperature database for calculating the magnitudes and rates of temperature change during the Phanerozoic

<p style=\"text-indent:18.0pt;text-align:justify;\">The temperature database is used for calculating the magnitudes and rates of climate change in 47 time intervals from early Ordovician (478 Ma) to early Miocene (16 Ma). This database is composed of the most significant warming/cooling events over the past 480 million years and consists of original proxy data, calculated temperature data, locations, geologic age, time span, and relevant references. Paleotemperatures of surface seawater were calculated from multiple proxies such as oxygen isotope from carbonate and apatite fossils (δ¹⁸O), carbonate clumped isotope (Δ47), and organic geochemical proxy (TEX₈₆).</p>