Political Regimes of the World Dataset, v.3.0.

This updated version of a global dataset covers the time period 1800-2024, with yearly observations for all countries that have been independent at any point in time since WWII. Within the category of democracies, we first make a distinction between republics and monarchies. Republics are then classified into presidential, semi-presidential, and parliamentary systems. Within the category of monarchies, most systems are parliamentary but a few countries are conferred to the category semi-monarchies. Autocratic countries are classified into the following main categories: absolute monarchy, military rule, party-based rule, personalist rule, and oligarchy. Within the categories party-based rule and oligarchy a number of subcategories are also identified.本更新版全球数据集涵盖1800年至2024年的时间跨度，收录了二战以来任何时期均为独立主权国家的年度观测数据。在民主政体类别下，我们首先将其划分为共和国与君主国两类：共和国进一步被归类为总统制、半总统制与议会共和制三种政体；君主国绝大多数采用议会君主制，仅有少数国家被划归为半君主制政体。专制国家则被划分为以下主要类别：绝对君主制、军事专政、政党执政、个人专制统治以及寡头政治。其中，政党执政与寡头政治两个类别下还设有若干细分子类别。