Research progress on the role and mechanism of lncRNA in metabolic reprogramming of malignant tumors

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, with tumor cells frequently exhibiting aberrant metabolic activity to support their rapid growth and metastasis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of RNA molecules that do not have protein-coding capabilities. However, in recent years, numerous studies have confirmed that lncRNAs can influence tumor metabolic reprogramming by regulating the expression of transporters or key enzymes, thereby participating in mediating tumor malignancy progression. This review focuses on the latest research progress of lncRNA in the field of tumor metabolic reprogramming. It elaborates on the mechanisms and biomarker research status of lncRNA in tumor metabolism from five aspects: glucose, lipids, glutamine, nucleotides, and mitochondrial metabolism. The aim is to enhance researchers' understanding of lncRNA and provide new references for the development of clinical diagnostic and therapeutic targets for tumors.