Forest restoration as a double-edged sword: the conflict between biodiversity conservation and pest control

1. Forestry has markedly changed a large proportion of the world’s boreal forests, often with negative effects on biodiversity. As a result, forest restoration is increasingly implemented to counteract the negative effects. However, restoration measures aimed at mimicking natural disturbance regimes could simultaneously increase the risk of unwanted negative effects, such as damage by forest pest species. This study compares the effect of two restoration methods (prescribed burning and gap-cutting), on both biodiversity conservation and pest control, to provide a basis for solutions to this potential conflict. 2. Bark beetles are ideal for studying this conflict, as this group is both species-rich and contains notorious pest species. We conducted a unique, large-scale field experiment in which we compared the effect of two different restoration methods on the abundance, species richness and assemblage composition of bark beetles. In addition, we estimated uncontrolled tree mortality by ...1. 林业活动已显著改变了全球大部分北方针叶林（boreal forests），且往往对生物多样性（biodiversity）造成负面影响。为此，森林恢复（forest restoration）措施的应用日益增多，以抵消这些负面影响。然而，旨在模拟自然干扰模式的恢复措施，却可能同时增加产生不必要负面影响的风险，例如森林害虫物种造成的危害。本研究对比了两种恢复方法——计划火烧（prescribed burning）与林隙采伐（gap-cutting）对生物多样性保护与害虫防控的影响，旨在为解决这一潜在冲突提供依据。 2. 小蠹虫（bark beetles）是研究这一冲突的理想类群，因其物种丰富度高且包含声名狼藉的害虫物种。我们开展了一项独特的大规模野外实地实验，对比两种不同恢复方法对小蠹虫的种群丰度、物种丰富度与群落组成的影响。此外，我们还对未受控制的树木死亡率进行了估算……