Characterizing the microbiome of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms during a Mediterranean diet intervention

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a class of hematological malignancies that result in the overproduction of myeloid lineage cells. These malignancies result in increased cytokine production and inflammation, which correlate with worsened symptom burden and prognosis. Other than bone marrow transplantation, there is no cure for myeloproliferative neoplasms. As such, treatments focus on reducing thrombotic risk, inflammation, and symptom burden. Because current pharmacological treatments carry significant side-effects, there is a need to explore low-risk therapies. One alternative is the Mediterranean diet, which is rich in anti-inflammatory foods, reduces inflammatory biomarkers, and beneficially alters the gut microbiome. Here, we performed a 15-week clinical trial of 28 individuals with MPN who were randomized to dietary counseling based on either a Mediterranean diet or standard U.S. Guidelines for Americans. Our primary objective was to determine if MPN patients were able to ad...骨髓增殖性肿瘤（Myeloproliferative neoplasms, MPN）是一类造血系统恶性肿瘤，可导致髓系细胞过度生成。此类恶性肿瘤会引发细胞因子生成增加与炎症反应，且与症状负荷加重及预后不良相关。除骨髓移植外，目前尚无根治骨髓增殖性肿瘤的手段。因此，临床治疗主要围绕降低血栓风险、减轻炎症反应与缓解症状负荷展开。由于当前药物治疗存在显著不良反应，亟需探索低风险治疗方案。地中海饮食（Mediterranean Diet）便是其中一种替代方案，该饮食模式富含抗炎食物，可降低炎症生物标志物水平，并对肠道菌群产生有益调控作用。本研究纳入28名骨髓增殖性肿瘤患者，开展了一项为期15周的临床试验，将受试者随机分为两组，分别接受基于地中海饮食的膳食指导与美国居民膳食指南指导。本研究的主要目标为探究骨髓增殖性肿瘤患者能否...